The chief advantage of this apparatus is that the enormous
superheating space enables a lower temperature to be used for the
"fixing." This does away, to a certain extent, with the too great
breaking down of the hydrocarbons, and consequent deposition of
carbon. This form of apparatus has just found its way to this country,
and I describe it as being the one most used in the States, and the
type upon which, practically, all water gas plant with superheaters
has been founded.
The Springer apparatus, which is under trial by one of the large gas
companies, differs from the Lowe merely in construction. In this
apparatus the superheater is directly above the generator; and there
is only one superheating chamber instead of two. The air blast is
admitted at the bottom, and the producer gases heat the superheater in
the usual way, and when the required temperature is reached, the steam
is blown in at the top of the generator, and is made to pass through
the incandescent fuel, the water gas being led from the bottom of the
apparatus to the top, where it enters at the summit of the
superheater, meets the oil, and passes down with it through the
chamber, the finished gas escaping at the middle of the apparatus.
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